![]() ![]() His mother and family disapproved of their relationship, which always seemed on the brink of romance. (Both Ernest and his fictional counterpart, William, were engaged to London stenographers named Louisa "Gipsy" Denys.)įilling out the cast of important characters was Jessie Chambers, a neighbor with whom Lawrence developed an intense friendship, and who would become Miriam Leiver in the novel. The death by erysipelas of one of Lawrence's elder brothers, Ernest, and Lydia's grief and eventual obsession with Lawrence, seems hardly changed in the novel. Lydia became Gertrude Morel, the intellectually stifled, unhappy mother who lives through her sons. Walter Morel was modeled on Lawrence's hard-drinking, irresponsible collier father, Arthur. His childhood coal-mining town of Eastwood was changed, with a sardonic twist, to Bestwood. The roots of Sons and Lovers are clearly located in Lawrence's life. Lawrence reexamined his childhood, his relationship with his mother, and her psychological effect on his sexuality. The novel, which began as " Paul Morel," was sparked by the death of Lawrence's mother, Lydia. Lawrence's third published novel, Sons and Lovers (1913) is largely autobiographical. ![]()
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